Instrument reference
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (current edition: MMPI-3) (MMPI)
Proprietary · qualified users only Edition and rights holder located; evidence not summarised
- Construct measured
- Broad personality and psychopathology, with validity scales for response style.
- Category
- Personality and cognitive assessment
- Intended population
- Adults (separate adolescent form, MMPI-A).
- Number of items
- Not reproduced. Item counts differ between editions.
- Administration format
- Self-report inventory; requires a qualified user for interpretation.
- Scoring approach
- Requires proprietary norms and scoring services.
- Language and population validation
- Translations and their norms vary; cross-cultural use requires caution.
Reliability and validity evidence
- The textbook describes the MMPI-2 and MMPI-A. The MMPI-3 was released by the University of Minnesota in 2020 with new normative data; consult its technical manual for evidence.
Interpretation cautions
- Restricted test.
- Validity scales help detect inconsistent, over- or under-reporting, but cannot establish truthfulness with certainty.
- Never interpret a single elevated scale in isolation.
Copyright and licence
Proprietary · qualified users only
Copyrighted by the University of Minnesota and distributed by a commercial publisher; qualified users only.
Commercially published and restricted to appropriately qualified professionals. Items, stimuli, norms and scoring materials must not be copied or shared.
Official source
University of Minnesota — MMPI-3 release (opens in a new tab)
Rights and evidence last verified: 2026-10-19.